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CYNICISM

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CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

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HEGELIANISM

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SAINT AUGUSTINE

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EXISTENTIALISM

A broad philosophical and literary movement that flourished during the first half of the twentieth century, Existentialism emphasized the uniqueness…
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ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyLOGICAL ATOMISM
November 15, 2023

LOGICAL ATOMISM

Although mostly associated with the logical analysis of language, analytic philosophy began in the philosophy of mathematics. Working independently, both Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell pursued programs of reducing mathematics…
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FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGTHE PERSONAL ESSAY
November 20, 2023

THE PERSONAL ESSAY

The personal essay is a self-reflective search for meaning. Unlike most philosophical writing, it is not argumentative. Instead, it is exploratory and speculative, often even somewhat confessional. It is typically…
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Writing PhilosophyWRITING PHILOSOPHY
November 24, 2023

WRITING PHILOSOPHY

How Do You Do Philosophy? Writing Is Central To Philosophy What Philosophy Professors Want From Student Writers What Is Good Writing? What Is Good Philosophical Writing? Grading Criteria for Philosophy…
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History Of PhilosophyCLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYPLATO
November 15, 2023

PLATO

Plato (427–347 BC) was born into a powerful family in Athens but abandoned politics after the execution of his teacher, Socrates; he subsequently traveled, became influenced by the Pythagoreans, and…
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LogicMANY-VALUE LOGICS
November 15, 2023

MANY-VALUE LOGICS

In the classical logics already discussed, the logical connectives are taken to be bivalent—that is, they allow of only two different truth values: true and false. One natural extension to…
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Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of PhilosophyNATURAL PHILOSOPHY
December 12, 2023

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY

An important historical branch designation rather than a current one, natural philosophy was the study of nature and the physical universe by philosophical (that is, largely empirical reason-based) methods.
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PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXTESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
November 27, 2023

ESSENTIAL READING IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

A comprehensive list of essential readings in the history of philosophy.
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Modern Branches of PhilosophyPhilosophy BranchesPHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS
November 14, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS

The philosophy of mathematics is traditionally concerned with the ontological and epistemological foundations of mathematics. The two questions, of ontology and epistemology, are intimately related, as a satisfactory account of…
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History Of PhilosophyCLASSICAL PHILOSOPHYARISTOTLE
November 15, 2023

ARISTOTLE

Aristotle (384–322 BC) was born in Stagira but moved to Athens as a young man to study at Plato’s Academy. Following Plato’s death, Aristotle traveled, became tutor to Alexander the…
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Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of PhilosophyPOLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
December 12, 2023

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

Political philosophy is at least as old as Plato (428/227 or 424/423-348/347 BC) and is concerned with the nature of the state and, more broadly, with coercive institutions, and their…
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Writing PhilosophyWHAT IS GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING?
November 24, 2023

WHAT IS GOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING?

Writing effectively for a philosophy course does not merely start with the general principles of good writing just outlined, it sets out to show mastery of these principles. It embodies…
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LogicMODAL LOGIC
November 15, 2023

MODAL LOGIC

A common extension to the standard formal languages outlined above is to introduce the technical machinery required to evaluate natural language arguments containing modal terminology (that is, talk of possibility…
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FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGTHE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION
November 20, 2023

THE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION

The essay of affirmation takes the position I agree. If you want to write an essay agreeing with—affirming—the ideas of another, such as a philosopher, a simple statement of agreement…
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History Of PhilosophyANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY
November 15, 2023

ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY

Between the 1940s and the 1960s, analytic philosophy shifted away from investigating the (supposed) underlying logical structure of language. While it was still primarily concerned with conceptual analysis, this was…
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FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGWriting PhilosophyTHE ARGUMENTATIVE PAPER
November 19, 2023

THE ARGUMENTATIVE PAPER

Essays of assertion, affirmation, and refutation are all examples of the argumentative paper. An effective argument relies on factually true premises or premises for which you have strong support.
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By In CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY

PHENOMENOLOGY

As originally developed by Edmund Husserl (1859–1938), phenomenology seeks to provide a detailed description of the way in which things…
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Logic

Books

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    Isaac’s Fear: An Early Modern Encyclopedia of Judaism

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    The Imaginary: A Phenomenological Psychology of the Imagination (Routledge Classics)

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    End Times Major Clues from Minor Prophets (Revelation Decode)

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    UN SUEÑO HACIA EL DESPERTAR (Spanish Edition)

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    The Consolations of Philosophy

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    The Flip: Epiphanies of Mind and the Future of Knowledge

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    Everyday Ubuntu: Living Better Together, the African Way

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    Self-Reliance: The Wisdom of Ralph Waldo Emerson as Inspiration for Daily Living

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    Uncovering Greek Mythology: A Beginner’s Guide into the World of Greek Gods and Goddesses (Mythology Collection)

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    Greek Thought, Arabic Culture: The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early ‘Abbasaid Society (2nd-4th/5th-10th c.) (Arabic Thought and Culture)

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    Divine Humility: God’s Solution to Human Catastrophe

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    Lao Tzu : Tao Te Ching : A Book About the Way and the Power of the Way

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    100 Inspirational Quotes By Ralph Waldo Emerson: A Boost Of Wisdom And Inspiration From The Legendary Poet And Essayist

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    The Theory of Moral Sentiments (Penguin Classics)

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    The Honor Code: How Moral Revolutions Happen

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The Atomos Blog

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Reexamining Spacetime Substantivalism: A Critique of Modal Arbitrariness and Determinism in Teitel’s Framework

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The Eternal Coexistence of Consciousness and Spacetime: A Philosophical InquiryAtomos

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Embracing Contradiction: An In-Depth Analysis of DialetheismAtomos

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Analysis of, and Responses to Edmund Gettier’s “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?”Atomos

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The Unstable Foundation: A Critique of the Ontological Proof of God’s ExistenceAtomos

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Meta-Modal Actuality: A Dynamic Framework for Possibility, Actualization, and CausalityAtomos

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Killing, Morality, and the Human Condition: A Philosophical InvestigationAtomos

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The Intricacy of Existence: A Philosophical Exploration of Complexity, Contingency, and Divine AgencyAtomos

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The Ethics of Procreation and the Rational Acceptance of Life: A Critical Engagement with Weinberg’s ArgumentAtomos

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Metaphysical Perspectives: A Comparative Analysis of Theism and AtheismAtomos

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Terms & Concepts

T

Third Man argument

The argument that any theory of universals will entail an infinite regress because if a universal is required to explain the similarity between two individual objects, then another universal is…
P

Possible world

A semantic device for evaluating modal discourse, whereby claims of possibility are made true by what happens at other (accessible) possible worlds. The utility of the semantics leads some philosophers…
P

Problem of evil

The term for attempts to address or reconcile the reality of evil (moral badness) in a world created by an omnipotent and omnibenevolent God. https://youtube.com/shorts/gN90H32OZ2Y?feature=share
T
Tautology
S
Sympathy
A
Applied ethics
F
Free will
L
Law of nature
E
Extended
D
Demonstration of non-consequence
I
Immaterialism
F
Functionalism
View All