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Some 2,300 years ago, Aristotle introduced the syllogism into the intellectual world. A threeelement formula, it is the elementary building block of syllogistic logic and deductive reasoning. The syllogism combines…

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History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

THE ELEATIC SCHOOL

Based in the Ionian colony of Elea (modern-day Velia) in southern Italy, and primarily associated with Parmenides (early fifth century BC) and Melissus of Samos (mid fifth century BC), the…

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CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

EXISTENTIALISM

A broad philosophical and literary movement that flourished during the first half of the twentieth century, Existentialism emphasized the uniqueness of human experience over the generalizations of traditional scientific or…

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CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

While the focus of western philosophy has primarily been on the analysis and understanding of our most basic concepts, another important theme has been the preparation and education of man…

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POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

UTILITARIANISM

The French Revolution sparked legal and political reforms across Europe, which brought with them their accompanying philosophical frameworks.

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History Of Philosophy CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY

November 15, 2023

PLATO

Plato (427–347 BC) was born into a powerful family in Athens but abandoned politics after the execution of his teacher, Socrates; he subsequently traveled, became influenced by the Pythagoreans, and…

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Philosophy Branches Traditional Branches of Philosophy

December 12, 2023

METAPHYSICS

Metaphysics is the philosophical investigation of reality, including the nature of the world and the entities it contains. While such an investigation inevitably overlaps with natural philosophy—the sciences, especially physics…

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ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

LOGICAL ATOMISM

Although mostly associated with the logical analysis of language, analytic philosophy began in the philosophy of mathematics. Working independently, both Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell pursued programs of reducing mathematics…

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STRATEGIC WRITING CHOICES Writing Philosophy

November 18, 2023

STRATEGIC WRITING CHOICES FOR PHILOSOPHY CLASS

Writing philosophy should not be easy, but you cannot allow it to become impossible. Here are five strategic rules of thumb for embarking on a successful writing project for philosophy…

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Modern Branches of Philosophy Philosophy Branches

November 14, 2023

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Many of the topics within the philosophy of science overlap with topics in metaphysics, epistemology, and the philosophy of language insofar as they apply within our scientific practice. Metaphysical issues,…

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Logic

November 15, 2023

RELEVANCE LOGICS

A relevance logic is motivated by the idea that the premises of a valid argument must be somehow “relevant” to its conclusion. The idea is motivated by the fact that…

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THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

Philosophical thought during the Enlightenment was characterized by a rejection of existing sources of authority. The broadly Aristotelean scientific worldview was undermined by a period of scientific revolution—conventionally beginning with…

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THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD History Of Philosophy

November 15, 2023

TRANSCENDENTAL IDEALISM

The philosophical system developed by Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), Transcendental Idealism sought to overcome the epistemological problems of Empiricism while providing a rational justification for Liberalism.

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Traditional Branches of Philosophy Philosophy Branches

December 12, 2023

AESTHETICS

Aesthetics is concerned with the nature of art (whether visual, literary, dramatic, or in some other medium) and the way in which art is experienced. Two principal related issues, therefore,…

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Writing Philosophy

November 24, 2023

WRITING IS CENTRAL TO PHILOSOPHY

For the great majority of us, writing is instrumental to thinking. Since it is reasonable to describe philosophy as the application of disciplined thought to a variety of topics, issues,…

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By Philosophy Student In NON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS

INDIAN PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy on the Indian subcontinent between 1000 BC and the early centuries of the first millennium was comprised of six…

Logic

QUANTUM LOGIC

Logic

PROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)

Logic

MANY-VALUE LOGICS

Logic

PREDICATE CALCULUS (PREDICATE LOGIC)

Logic

RELEVANCE LOGICS

Logic

INTUITIONISM

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Tao: The Watercourse Way
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Three Waves of Volunteers and the New Earth
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A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy
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Pre-Socratics

Ancient Greek thinkers living and working before, and/or contemporaneously with, Socrates(died 399 BC). https://youtube.com/shorts/FL1vVOMK1iM?feature=share

Causation (or causality)

One event (cause) brings about another event (effect). Causes and effects are considered lawlike natural events https://youtube.com/shorts/lnczRqSkCgo?feature=share

Sorites Paradox

Sometimes called the Paradox of the Heap, this is a paradox resulting from vague predicates.We all know what a heap of sand is. We all assume that removing a single…

Hasty generalization

Egalitarianism

Categorical Imperative

Inductive argument

Conjunct

Upanishads

Atheism

Subject Term

Incommensurability

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WHAT PHILOSOPHY PROFESSORS WANT FROM STUDENT WRITERS

THE ELEATIC SCHOOL

EXISTENTIALISM

CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

UTILITARIANISM

PLATO

METAPHYSICS

LOGICAL ATOMISM

STRATEGIC WRITING CHOICES FOR PHILOSOPHY CLASS

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

RELEVANCE LOGICS

THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

TRANSCENDENTAL IDEALISM

AESTHETICS

WRITING IS CENTRAL TO PHILOSOPHY

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Books

Power (The Essential Works of Foucault, 1954-1984, Vol. 3)

Courage Is Calling

In Search Of The Miraculous (Harvest Book)

Shadow Work Journal and Workbook: The Most Comprehensive and Easy-to-Follow Guide to Integrate and Transcend Your Shadows and Find Inner Peace Through Self-Discovery

The Phenomenon of Life: A Plain Man’s Perspectives

Living Like a Stoic: Cultivating Wisdom, Emotional Resilience, Positivity, Confidence, Calmness, and Meditations for Perseverance in Today’s Modern Life

UN SUEÑO HACIA EL DESPERTAR (Spanish Edition)

Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability (Revised Edition)

Death to Deconstruction: Reclaiming Faithfulness as an Act of Rebellion

One Unbounded Ocean of Consciousness: Simple Answers to the Big Questions in Life

Tao: The Watercourse Way

Proslogion, with the Replies of Gaunilo and Anselm

Existential Rationalism: Handling Hume’s Fork (Unlock Tao)

No Death, No Fear: Comforting Wisdom for Life

Three Waves of Volunteers and the New Earth

A Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy

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Terms & Concepts

Pre-Socratics

Causation (or causality)

Sorites Paradox

Hasty generalization

Egalitarianism

Categorical Imperative

Inductive argument

Conjunct

Upanishads

Atheism

Subject Term

Incommensurability

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