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By In POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY

HEGELIANISM

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By In NON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS

NON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS

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By In THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

EMPIRICISM

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By In MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY

SCHOLASTICISM

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By In Traditional Branches of Philosophy

LOGIC

Logic is concerned with studying the inferences we make, and the formal languages developed to systematize those inferences. This includes…
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ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyLOGICAL ATOMISM
November 15, 2023

LOGICAL ATOMISM

Although mostly associated with the logical analysis of language, analytic philosophy began in the philosophy of mathematics. Working independently, both Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell pursued programs of reducing mathematics…
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Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of PhilosophyETHICS
December 12, 2023

ETHICS

Ethics is the study of morality and can be divided into three main areas of inquiry. Descriptive ethics concerns the actual moral beliefs held by specific individuals or societies and…
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CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyCONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
November 15, 2023

CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

While the focus of western philosophy has primarily been on the analysis and understanding of our most basic concepts, another important theme has been the preparation and education of man…
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THE EARLY MODERN PERIODHistory Of PhilosophyTHE EARLY MODERN PERIOD
November 15, 2023

THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD

Philosophical thought during the Enlightenment was characterized by a rejection of existing sources of authority. The broadly Aristotelean scientific worldview was undermined by a period of scientific revolution—conventionally beginning with…
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LogicPROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)
November 15, 2023

PROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS (PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC)

The simplest formal (logical) language is the propositional calculus. This considers the logical relationships that hold between complete propositions.
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NON-WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONSHistory Of PhilosophyINDIAN PHILOSOPHY
November 15, 2023

INDIAN PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy on the Indian subcontinent between 1000 BC and the early centuries of the first millennium was comprised of six major schools of Hindu philosophy (Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa,…
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Writing PhilosophyESSENTIAL WRITING SKILLS
November 21, 2023

ESSENTIAL WRITING SKILLS

Having just walked through the basic process of writing a philosophy paper, we turn now to the essential skillset you should develop and apply not only to the writing of…
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PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXTBOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS
November 27, 2023

BOOKS TO GUIDE NOVICE PHILOSOPHY STUDENTS

This list is aimed at curating those texts that will both challenge a novice researcher, and continually reward repeated encounters as you develop your philosophical interests.
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MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyTHOMISM
November 15, 2023

THOMISM

A school of thought based on the work of Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), Thomism is, like Scholasticism, principally concerned with metaphysics and understanding the attributes of God.
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Writing PhilosophyGRADING CRITERIA FOR PHILOSOPHY ESSAYS
November 24, 2023

GRADING CRITERIA FOR PHILOSOPHY ESSAYS

The eight skills just listed are so central to philosophical writing that we may count them among the criteria most instructors use in grading essay assignments. Keep these eight skills…
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POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyUTILITARIANISM
November 15, 2023

UTILITARIANISM

The French Revolution sparked legal and political reforms across Europe, which brought with them their accompanying philosophical frameworks.
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History Of PhilosophyCLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY
November 15, 2023

CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY

The Classical Period in philosophy was dominated by the teachings of Plato (427–347 BC) and Aristotle (384–322 BC) but gradually fell into a decline following the conquest of the independent…
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WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?
November 12, 2023

WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?

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MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophySCHOLASTICISM
November 15, 2023

SCHOLASTICISM

A general term for those philosophers influenced by the medieval rediscovery of classic texts, Scholasticism is broadly characterized by an interest in logic and disputation and is motivated to resolve…
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PHILOSOPHICAL BOOKS AND TEXTINTRODUCTORY PHILOSOPHY TEXTS
November 27, 2023

INTRODUCTORY PHILOSOPHY TEXTS

There is no substitute for grappling primary sources. Nevertheless, secondary sources—including scholarly research, literary reviews, historical summaries—are valuable tools. They not only show you how you can begin thinking about…
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Philosophy Student
By In POST-KANTIAN PHILOSOPHY

HEGELIANISM

One common theme in post-Kantian philosophy was an attempt to overcome the remaining divisions between noumena and phenomena, and to…
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Logic

Books

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    Pensées (Penguin Classics)

    $13.00
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    Meditations: The Annotated Edition

    $17.99
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    Moses and Abraham Maimonides: Encountering the Divine (Emunot: Jewish Philosophy and Kabbalah)

    $35.00
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    Raja Yoga (Spanish Edition)

    $17.27
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    The Joyful Science / Idylls from Messina / Unpublished Fragments from the Period of The Joyful Science (Spring 1881–Summer 1882): Volume 6 (The Complete Works of Friedrich Nietzsche)

    $90.00
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    Critical Thinking (The MIT Press Essential Knowledge series)

    $14.89
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    Proslogion, with the Replies of Gaunilo and Anselm

    $8.50
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    The Guide of the Perplexed, Vol. 1

    $38.00
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    The Crossing of the Visible (Cultural Memory in the Present)

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    Introduction to Metaphysics, 2nd Edition

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    Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability (Revised Edition)

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    On the Infinite, the Universe and the Worlds: Five Cosmological Dialogues (Collected Works of Giordano Bruno Book 2)

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    What Do I Know?: Essential Essays

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    Leave It Be: Alan Watts on the Art of Meditation

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    Why Does the World Exist?: An Existential Detective Story

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    The Vision of the Soul: Truth, Goodness, and Beauty in the Western Tradition

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The Atomos Blog

Natural Function and Perceptual Content

Natural Function and Perceptual Content

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Natural Function and Perceptual ContentMental RepresentationPhilosophy of Biology

Natural Function and Perceptual Content

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Philosophy of Law: An IntroductionAtomosPHILOSOPHY OF LAW

Philosophy of Law: An Introduction

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Aesthetics: An Introduction

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Ethics: An Introduction

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Logic: An IntroductionAtomosLOGIC

Logic: An Introduction

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Metaphysics: An IntroductionAtomosMETAPHYSICS

Metaphysics: An Introduction

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Political and Social Philosophy: An IntroductionAtomosPOLITICAL AND SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY

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Environmental Philosophy: An IntroductionAtomosENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY

Environmental Philosophy: An Introduction

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Existentialism and Phenomenology: An IntroductionAtomosEXISTENTIALISM AND PHENOMENOLOGY

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Philosophy of Language: An Introduction

Philosophy of Language: An Introduction

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Terms & Concepts

Q

Qualia

The qualitative (and non-intentional) properties of mental states that determine “what it is like” to, for example, experience pain. Proponents of qualia maintain that such facts are irreducible to physical…
B

Bayes’s Theorem

Named after Thomas Bayes (1701?-1761), Bayes’s Theorem describes how to update belief in the likelihood of an event, given the occurrence of evidence relevant to that event. While Bayes’s Theorem…
O

Obversion

An immediate inference in which the proposition’s quality is changed and the predicate is replaced with its complement. (See also Categorical proposition, Complement, and Quality.) Obversion is valid for all…
N
Negation elimination
D
Doubt
P
Principle of induction
C
Cosmological argument
P
Principle of universal causation
M
Mimesis
A
Agnosticism
P
Principle of equality
R
Rule utilitarianism
View All