FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGWriting PhilosophyOTHER CATEGORIZATIONS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING
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OTHER CATEGORIZATIONS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING

There are other ways of classifying the forms of philosophic writing you may be asked to produce. The most prominent of these are: The Expository Paper The Argumentative Paper The…
MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyMEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY
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Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of PhilosophyETHICS
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As explained at the beginning of this chapter, this book is intended primarily for philosophy students, especially new philosophy students, whose focus is mainly or even exclusively on Western philosophical…
Writing PhilosophyGOOD PHILOSOPHICAL WRITING
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“There is a common misunderstanding that philosophy—like chemistry or history—has a content to offer, a content that a teacher is to teach and a student is to learn,” writes Professor…
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November 15, 2023

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The Classical Period in philosophy was dominated by the teachings of Plato (427–347 BC) and Aristotle (384–322 BC) but gradually fell into a decline following the conquest of the independent…
FORMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL WRITINGTHE ESSAY OF AFFIRMATION
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The essay of affirmation takes the position I agree. If you want to write an essay agreeing with—affirming—the ideas of another, such as a philosopher, a simple statement of agreement…
Philosophy BranchesTraditional Branches of PhilosophyNATURAL PHILOSOPHY
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An important historical branch designation rather than a current one, natural philosophy was the study of nature and the physical universe by philosophical (that is, largely empirical reason-based) methods.
LogicNON-CLASSICAL LOGIC
November 15, 2023

NON-CLASSICAL LOGIC

While both the predicate calculus and the modal propositional calculus may be seen as extensions of the basic propositional calculus, there are also a variety of formal languages intended as…
LogicINTUITIONISM
November 15, 2023

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One of the most familiar non-classical logics is intuitionism, which, in simple terms, is based upon the rejection of the law of excluded middle: (P ∨ ¬P). There are both…
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?
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WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?

History Of PhilosophyANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYLOGICAL POSITIVISM
November 15, 2023

LOGICAL POSITIVISM

Originally founded by Auguste Comte (1798–1857), Positivism was primarily a view about science. Influenced by Immanuel Kant’s (1724-1804) assertion that knowledge of things-inthemselves was impossible, Comte argued that our scientific…
History Of PhilosophyANALYTIC PHILOSOPHYORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY
November 15, 2023

ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY

Between the 1940s and the 1960s, analytic philosophy shifted away from investigating the (supposed) underlying logical structure of language. While it was still primarily concerned with conceptual analysis, this was…
CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHYHistory Of PhilosophyEXISTENTIALISM
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EXISTENTIALISM

A broad philosophical and literary movement that flourished during the first half of the twentieth century, Existentialism emphasized the uniqueness of human experience over the generalizations of traditional scientific or…

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Terms & Concepts

D

Double effect, doctrine of

The view that there is a morally relevant distinction between the intended consequences of an action and their unintended (even if foreseeable) consequences. This allows greater scope for ethical action…
T

Tautological equivalence

Two statements are logically equivalent if they have the same truth values in all possible circumstances. It is never the case that one of the statements is true, while the…
D

Disposition

A property of an object that only manifests under certain conditions—for example, fragility. Some philosophers argue that dispositional properties are ultimately reducible to non dispositional (categorical) properties such as non-dispositional…
B
Bound variable
I
Internal meaning
A
Absolute idealism
D
Duty
S
Supererogatory
C
Cogent argument
Q
Quantified statement
S
Syllogism
O
Obversion
View All